Maharashtra State Eligibility Test (SET) - SYLLABUS AND SAMPLE QUESTIONS - Life Sciences

Maharashtra State Eligibility Test for Lectureship

UNIVERSITY OF PUNE

Ganeshkhind, Pune-411007

SYLLABUS AND SAMPLE QUESTIONS-(Life Sciences)

Subject Subject

Code No.

34 Life Sciences

SET (Life Sciences) / 2

life science_SET syllabus (03-09)

[34] : LIFE SCIENCES

The syllabus consist of two papers as follows :

Paper II and Paper III will be of 75 minutes and 2½ hours duration respectively. Paper II will

be of 100 marks and Paper III will be of 200 marks. In Paper III there will be 10 questions each

of Botany, Zoology, Microbiology, Biochemistry and remaining 20 questions are of Genetics, etc.

Students have to attempt any 20 questions.

PAPER II

1.

and eukaryotes), Mechanism of cell division including (mitosis and meiosis) and cell

differentiation; Cell-cell interation, Malignant growth, lmmune response : Dosage compensation

and mechanism of sex determination.

2.

chemistry, Thermodynamics, kinetics, dissociation and association constants, Nucleic acid

structure, genetic code, replication, transcription and translation : Structure, function and

metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins, Enzymes and coenzyme, Respiration and

photosynthesis.

3.

Nutrition (including vitamins), Reproduction in plants, microbes, plant and animals, Sensory

responses in microbes, plant and animals.

4.

Structure and regulation of gene expression, Linkage and genetic mapping, Extra-chromosomal

inheritance (episomes, mitochondria and chloroplasts), Mutation, DNA damage and repair,

chromosome aberrations, Transposons, Sex-linked inheritance and genetic disorders, Somatic

cell genetics, Genome organisation (in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes).

5.

evolution), Concepts of evolution, Theories of organic evolution, Mechanisms of speciation,

Hardy-Weinberg genetic equilibrium, genetic polymarphism and selection, Origin and evolution

of economically important microbes, plants and animals.

6.

energy flow, productivity and biogeochemical cycles, Types of ecosystems, Population ecology

and biological control, Community structure and organisation, Environmental pollution,

Sustainable development, Economic importance of microbes, plants and animals.

7.

classification, Structural biochemical and molecular systmatics, DNA finger printing, numerical

taxonomy, Biodiveristy, characterization, generation, maintenance and loss, Magnitude and

distribution of biodiversity, economic value, wildlife biology, conservation strategies,

cryopreservation.

Cell Biology : Structure and function of cells and intracellular organelles (of both prokaryotesBiochemistry : Structure of atoms, molecules and chemical bonds, Principles of physicalPhysiology : Response to stress, Active transport across membranes, Plant and animal hormonesGenetics : Principles of Mendelian inheritance, chromosome structure and function, GeneEvolutionary Biology : Origin of life (including aspects of prebiotic environment and molecularEnvironmental biology : Concept and dynamics of ecosystem, components, food chain andBiodiversity and Taxonomy : Species concept, Biological nomenclature theories of bilogical

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PAPER III

1. Principles of Taxonomy as applied to the systamics and Classification of Plant Kingdom,

Taxonomic structure, Biosystematics, Plant geography, Floristics.

2. Patterns of variation in morphology and life history in plants, broad outlines of classification

an evolutionary trends among algae, fungi, bryophytes and pteriophytes, Principles of

palaeobotany, Economic importance of algae, fungi and lichens.

3. Comparative anatomy and developmental morphology of gymnosperms and angiosperms,

Histochemical and ultrastructural aspects of development, Differentiation and morphogenesis.

4. Androgenesis and gynogenesis, Breeding systems, Pollination biology, structural and functional

aspects of pollen and pistill, Male sterility, Self and inter-specific incompatibility, Fertilization,

Embryo and seed development.

5.

and improvement of plants of food, drug, fibre and industrial values, Unexploited plants of

potential economic value, Plants as a source of renewable energy, Genetic resources and their

conservation.

6.

Phosphorous and Sulphur metabolism, Stomatal physiology, Source and sink relationship.

7. Physiology and biochemistry of seed dormancy and germination, Hormonal regulation of

growth and development, Photoregulation : Growth responses, Physiology of flowering,

Senescence.

8.

pollinated and vegetatively propagated crops, Non-conventional methods, Polyploidy : Genetic

variability, Plant diseases and defensive mechanism.

9. Principles of taxonomy as applied to the systematics and classification of the animal kingdom,

Classification and interrelationship amongst the major invertebrete phyla, Minor invertebrate

phyla, functional anatomy of the non-chordates, Larval forms and their evolutionary significance.

10. Classification and comparative anatomy of protochordates and chordates, Origin, evolution

and distribution of chordate groups : Adaptive radiation.

11. Histology of mammalian organ systems, nutrition, digestion and absorption, Circulation (open

and closed circular, lymphatic systems, blood composition and function), Muscular contration

and electric organs, Excretion and osmoregulation : Nerve conduction and neurotransmitter,

major sense organs and receptors, Homeostatis (neural and hormonal), Bioluminiscence,

Reproduction.

Plants and civilization : Centres of origin and gene diversity, Botany, utilization, cultivationWater Relations : Mineral nutrition, Photosynthesis and photorespiration : Nitrogen,Principles of plant breeding : Important conventional methods of breeding self and cross

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12.

maps, Concepts of determination, competence and induction, totipotency and nuclear transfer

experiments, Cell differentiation and differential gene activity. Morphogenetic determinants in

egg cytoplasm, Role of maternal contributions in early embryonic development, Genetic

regulation of early embryonic development in Drosophila, Homeotic genes.

13. Feeding, learning, social and sexual behaviour of animals, Parental care, Circadian rhythms,

Mimicry, Migration of fishes and birds, Sociobiology, Physiological adaptation at high altitude.

14. Important human and veterinary parasites (protozoans and helminths), Life cycle and biology

of Plasmodium, Trypanosoma, Ascaris, Wuchereria, Fasciola, Schistosoma and Leishmania,

Molecular, cellular and physiological basis of host-parasite interactions.

15. Arthropods and vectors of human diseases (mosquitoes, lice, flies, and ticks), Mode of

transmission of pathogens by vectors, Chemical biological and environmental control of

anthropod vectors, Biology and control of chief insect pests of agricultural importance, Plant

host-insect interaction, insect-pest management, useful insects, Silkworm.

16. The law of DNA constancy and C-value paradox, Numerical and structural changes in

chromosomes, Molecular basis of spontaneous and induced mutation and their role in evolution,

Environment mutagenesis and toxictiy testing, Population genetics.

17. Structure of pro and eukaryotic cells, Membrane structure and function, Intracellular

compartments, protein sorting, secretory and endocytic pathways, Cytoskeleton, Nucleus,

Mitochondria and chloroplasts and their genetic organisation, cell cycle, Structure and

organisation of chromatin, polytene and lamphrush chromosomes, Dosage compensation and

sex determination and sex-linked inheritance.

18. Interactions between environment and biota, Concept of habitat and ecological niches, Limiting

factors, Energy flow, food chain, food web and trophic levels, Ecological pyramids and recycling,

Biotic community—concept, structure, dominance, fluctuation and succession, N.P.C. and S

Cycles in nature.

19. Ecosystem dynamics and management : Stability and complexity of ecosystems, Speciation

and extinction, Environmental impact assessment, Principles of conservation, Conservation

strategies, Sustainable development.

20. Physico-chemical properties of water, Kinds of aquatic habitats (fresh water and marine),

Distribution of and impact of environmental factors on the aquatic biota, Productivity, mineral

cycles and biodegradation in different aquatic ecosystems, Fish and Fisheries of India with

respect to the management of estuarine, coastal water systems and man-made reservoirs,

Biology and ecology of reservoirs.

21. Structure, classification, genetics, reproduction and physiology of bacteria and viruses (of

bacteria, plants and animals), Mycoplasma protozoa and yeast (a general accounts).

Gametogenesis in animals : Molecular events during fertilization, Cleavage patterns and fate

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22. Microbial fermentation, Antibotics, organic acids and vitamins, Microbes in decomposition

and recycling processes, Symbiotic and asymbiotic N2 - fixation, Microbiology of water, air,

soil and sewage, Microbes as pathological agents in plants, animals and man, General design

and applications of a biofermenter, Biofertilizer.

23.

secondary immune response, Lymphocytes and accessory cells, Humoral and cell mediated

immunity, MHC, Mechanism of immune response and generation of immunotogical diversity;

Genetic control of immune response, Effector mechanism, Application of immunological

techniques.

24. Enzyme kinetics (negative and positive cooperativity), Regulation of enzymatic activity, Active

sites, Coenzymes, Activators and inhibitors, isoenzymes, allosteric enzymes, Ribozyme and

abzyme.

25. Van der Waal’s electrostatic, hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, Primary structure

of proteins and nucleic acids, Conformation of proteins and polypeptides (secondary, tertiary,

quanternary and domain structure), Reverse turns and Ramachandran plot, Structural

polymorphism of DNA, RNA and three-dimensional structure of tRNA, Structure carbohydrates,

polysaccharides, glycoproteins and peptido-glycans, Helix-coil transition, Energy terms in

biopolymer conformational calculation.

26. Glycolysis and TCA cycle, Glycogen breakdown and synthesis, Gluconeogenesis, interconversion

of hexoses and pentoses, Amino acid metabolism, Coordinated control of metabolism,

Biosynthesis of purines and pyrimidines, Oxidation of lipids, Biosynthesis of fatty acids,

Triglycerides, Phospholipids, Sterols.

27. Energy metabolism (concept of free energy), Thermodynamic principles in biology, Energy

rich bonds, Weak interactions, Coupled reactions and oxidative phosphorylations, Group tranfers,

Biological energy tranducers, Bioenergetics.

28. Fine structure of gene, Eukaryotic genome organisation (structure of chromatin, coding and

non-coding sequences, satellite DNA), DNA damage and repair, DNA replication, amplification

and rearrangements.

29. Organization of transcriptional units : Mechanism of transcription of prokaryotes and eukaryotes,

RNA processing (capping, polyadenylation, splicing, introns and exons), Ribonucleoproteins,

Structure of mRNA, Genetic code and protein synthesis.

30. Regulation of gene expression in pro-and eukaryotes, Attenuation and antitermination, Operon

concept, DNA methylation, Heterochromatization, Transposition, Regulatory sequences and

transcription factors, Environmental regulation of gene expression.

31. Biochemistry and molecular biology of cancer, Oncogenes, Chemical carcinogenesis, Genetic

and metabolic disorders, Harmonal imbalances, Drug metabolism and detoxification, Genetic

load and genetic counselling.

Antigen : Structure and functions of different clauses of immunoglobulins, Primary and

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32. Lysogeny and lytic cycle in bacteriophages, Bacterial transformation, Host cell restriction,

Trasduction, Complementation, Molecular recombination, DNA ligases, Topoisomerases,

gyrases, Methylases, Nucleases, Restriction endonucleases, Plasmids and bacteriophage based

vectors for cDNA and genomic libraries.

33. Principles and methods of genetic engineering and Gene targeting, Application in agriculture, health

and industry.

34. Cell and tissue culture in plants and animals, Primary culture, Cell line, Cell clones, Callus cultures,

Somaclonal variation, Micropropogation, Somatic embryogenesis, Haploidy, Protoplast fusion and

somatic hybridization, Cybrids, Gene transfer methods in plants and in animals, Transgenic biology,

Allopheny, Artificial seeds, Hybridoma technology.

35. Structure and organisation of membranes, Glyconjugates and proteins in membrane systems, ion

transport/Na/KATPase/Molecular basis of signal transduction in bacteria, plants and animals, Model

membranes, Liposomes.

36. Principles and application of light, phase contrast, fluorescence, scanning and transmission electron

microscopy, Cytophotometry and flow cytometry, fixation and staining.

37. Principles and applications of gel-filtration, ion-exchange and affinity chromatography, Thin layer and

gas chromatography, High pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), Electrophoresis and

electrofocussing, Ultracentrifugation (velocity and buoyant density).

38. Principles and techniques of nucleic acid hybridization and Cot curves, Sequencing of proteins and

nucleic acids, Southern, Northern and South-Western blotting techniques, Polymerase chain reaction,

Methods for measuring nucleic acid and protein interactions.

39. Principles of biophysical methods used for analysis of biopolymer structure, X-ray diffraction,

fluorescence, UV, ORD/CD Visible, NMR and ESR spectroscopy, Hydrodynamic methods,

Atomic absorption and plasma emission spectroscopy.

40. Principles and applications of tracer techniques in biology, Radiation dosimetry, Radioactive

isotopes and half life of isotopes, Effect of radiation on biological system, Autoradiography;

Cerenkov radiation; Liquid scintillation spectroscopy.

41. Principles and practice of statistical methods in biological research, samples and populations;

Basic statistics—average, statistics of dispersion, coefficient of variation, Standard error,

Confidence limits, Probability distributions (biomial, poisson and normal); Tests of statistical

significance, Simple correlation of regression, Analysis of variance.

SAMPLE QUESTIONS

PAPER II

1. X chromosome heterochomatinization in mammalian female has been found to involve

(A) cytosine methylation (B) DNA rearrangements

(C) activation of transposable sequences (D) protein deacetylation

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2. One of the following is an

(A) Biosphere reserve (B) Wildlife sanctuary

(C) Protected forest (D) Micropropagation

ex-situ method of conservation of plants.

PAPER III

1. Discuss the following :

(A) Role of phytochrome in plants

(B) Hormonal regulation of senescence of leaves.

2. Give a reaction each involving the transter of Pi and AMP from ATP.

3. State the Hardy Weinberg principle. Give its utility. How can one check a population to find

out if it has reached H-W equilibrium ?

4. Describe in brief the stages in primary succession in an aquatic ecosystem.

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Maharashtra State Eligibility Test (SET) - SYLLABUS AND SAMPLE QUESTIONS -Chemical Sciences

Maharashtra State Eligibility Test for Lectureship

UNIVERSITY OF PUNE

Ganeshkhind, Pune-411007

SYLLABUS AND SAMPLE QUESTIONS-(Chemical Sciences)

Subject Subject

Code No.

33 Chemical Sciences

SET (Chemical Science) / 2

set booklets\ chemical science_SET syllabus (03-09)

[33] : CHEMICAL SCIENCES

The syllabus consists of two papers, as follows :

Paper II and Paper III will be of 75 minutes and 2½ hours duration respectiveoy. Paper II will be

of 100 marks and Paper III will be of 200 marks.

PAPER II

1. Structure and Bonding : Atomic orbitals, electronic configuration of atoms

(L-S coupling) and the periodic properties of elements, ionic radii, ionization potential, electron

affinity, electronegativity, concept of hybridization. Molecular orbitals and electronic

configuration of homonuclear and heteronuclear diatomic molecules. Shapes of polyatomic

molecules. VSEPR theory. Symmetry elements and point groups for simple molecules. Bond

lengths, bond angles, bond order and bond energies. Resonance. Types of chemical bond

(weak and strong). Intermolecular forces. Types of solids, lattice energy.

2. Acids and Bases : Bronsted and Lewis acids and bases. pH and pKa, acid-base concept in nonaqueous

media, SHAB concept, Buffer solutions.

3. Redox Reactions : Oxidation numbers, Redox potentials, Electrochemical series, Redox

indicators.

4. Introductory Energetics and Dynamics of Chemical Reactions : Law of conservation of energy.

Energy and enthalpy of reactions. Entropy, free energy, relationship between free energy change

and equilibrium. Rates of chemical reactions (first-and second-order reactions). Arrhenius

equation and Concept of transition state. Mechanisms, including S

transfer reactions, catalysis Colligative properties of solutions.

5. Aspects of s, p, d, f Block Elements : General characteristics of each block. Chemical principles

involved in extraction and purification of common metals. Coordination chemistry, Structural

aspects, isomerism, octahedral and tetrahedral crystal-field spliting of d-orbitals. CFSE,

magnetism and colour of transition metal ions. Sandwich compounds metal carbonyls and

metal clusters. Rare gas compounds, non-stoichiometric oxides. Radioactivity and transmutation

of elements.

6. IUPAC Nomenclature of Simple Organic and Inorganic Compounds.

7. Concept of Chirality : Recognition of symmetry elements and chiral structures,

R-S nomenclature, diastereoisomerism in acyclic and cyclic-systems, E-Z isomerism.

Conformational analysis of simple cyclic (chair and boat cyclohexanes) and acyclic systems,

Interconverison of Fischer, Newman and Sawhorse projections.

8. Common Organic Reactions and Mechanisms : Reactive intermediates. Formation and stability of

carbonium ions, carbenes, nitrenes, radicals and arynes. Nucleophilic, electrophilic, radical substitution,

addition and elimination reactions. Familiar name reactions : Aldol, Perkin, Stobbe,

N1 and SN2 reactions, electron

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Dieckmann condensations ; Hofmann, Schmidt, Lossen, Curtius, Beckmann and Fries

rearrangements, Reimer-Tiemann, Reformatsky and Grignard reactions. Diels-Alder reaction,

Claisen rearrangement, Friedel-Crafts reaction, Witting reaction. Routine functional group

transformations and inter-convertions of simple functionalities. Hydroboration, Oppenauer oxidation,

Clemmensen, Wolf-Kishner, Meerwein-Ponndorf Verley and Birch reductions.

9. Elementary principles and applications of electronic, vibrational, NMR, EPR, Mossbauer and mass

spectral techniques to simple structural problems.

10. Data Analysis : Types of erros, propogation of errors, accuracy and precision, least-square analysis,

average standard diviation.

PAPER III

1. Quantum Chemistry, Planck’s quantum theory, wave-particle duality, Uncertainty Principle,

operators and commutation relations, postulates of quantum mechanics and Schrodinger

equation, free particle, pastick in a box, degeneracy, harmonic oscillator, rigid rotator and the

hydrogen atom. Angular momentum including spin coupling of angular momenta including

spin-orbit coupling.

2.

and Exclusion Principle, Slater determinantal wave functions. Term symobols and spectroscopic

states.

3.

of the hydrogen molecule, electron density, forces and their role in chemical binding.

Hybridisation and valence MO, of H

applications to ethylene, butadiene and benzene, idea of self-consistent fields.

4.

spectroscopic selection rules for vibrational, electronic, vibronic and Raman spectroscopy. MO

treatment of large molecules with symmetry.

5.

Principles of magnetic resonance, Mossbauer and Photoelectron spectroscopy.

6.

physical and chemical changes, temperature depednence of enthaplies. Second law of

thermodynamics, entropy, Gibs-Helmholtz equation. Third law of thermodynamics and

calculation of entropy.

7.

Duhem equation. Equilibrium constant, temperature dependence of equilibrium constant, phase

diagram of one and two-component systems, phase rule.

The variation method and pertubation theory : Application to the helium, atom, antisymmetryBorn-Oppenheimer approximation, Hydrogen molecule ion : LCAO-MO and VB treatments2O, NH3 and CH4. Huckel pi-electron theory and itsGroup theoretical representations and quantum mechanics : Vanishing of intergrals,Spectroscopy : Theoretical treatment of rotational, vibrational and electronic spectroscopy.Thermodynamics : First law of thermodynamics, relation between Cp and Cv; enthalpies ofChemical Equilibrium : Free energy and entropy of mixing, partial molar quantities, Gibbs-

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8.

activities in electrolytic solutions, mean ionic activity coefficient. Debye-Huckel treatment of

dilute electrolyte solutions.

9.

EMF measurements.

10.

including electrokinetic micelles and reverse micelles; solutions. Applications of photoelectron

spectroscopy, ESCA and Auger spectroscopy to the study of surfaces.

11.

velocities, average, most probable and root-mean-square velocities. Maxwell-Boltzmann, Bose-

Einstein and Fermi-Dirac statistics. Partition function, rotational, translational, vibrational and

electronic partition functions for diatomic molecules, calculations of thermodynamic functions

and equilibrium constants. Theories of specific heat for solids.

12.

equation, Onsager reciprocal theory.

13.

chain and oscillatory reactions. Collision theory of reaction rates, steric factor, treatment of

unimolecular reactions. Theory of absolute reaction rates, comparison of result with Eyring

and Arrhenius equations, ionic reactions, salt effect. Homogeneous catalysis and Michaelis-

Menten Kinetics; heterogeneous catalysis.

14.

and magnetic resonance method.

15.

molecular weights. Kinetics of polymerisation. Stereochemistry and mechanism of

polymerisation.

16

and semiconductors, band theory of solids, solid-state reactions.

17.

types of reactions. Chemical effects of nuclear transformations, fission and fusion,

fission products and fission yields. Radioactive techniques, tracer techniques, neutron activation

analysis, counting techniques such as G.M., ionization and proportional counters.

18.

elements, special features of individual elements, synthesis, properties and structure

of their halides and oxides, polymorphism of carbon, phosphorus and sulphur. Synthesis,

properties and structure of boranes, carboranes, borazines, silicates, carbides, silicones,

phosphazenes, sulphur, oxyacids of nitrogen, phophorus, sulphur and halogens. Interhalogens,

pseudohalides and noble gas compounds.

Ideal and Non-ideal Solutions : Excess functions, activities, concept of hydration number,Equilibria in Electrochemical Cells : Cell reactions, Nernst equation, application of cellSurface Phenomena : Surface tension, adsorption on solids, electrical phenomena at interfacesStatistical Thermodynamic probability and entropy : Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution ofNon-equilibrium Thermodynamics : Postulates and methodologies, linear laws, GibbsReaction Kinetics : Methods of determining rate laws, Mechanisms of photo-chemical,Fast Reactions : Study of kinetics by stop-flow technique, relaxation method, flash photolysisMacromolecules : Number-average and weight-average molecular weights. Determination ofSolids : Dislocations in solids, Schottky and Frenkel defects. Electrical properties. InsulatorsNuclear Chemistry : Radioactive decay and equilibrium. Nuclear reactions, Q value, crosssections,Chemistry of Non-transition Elements : General discussion on the properties of the nontransition

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19.

constants of complexes and their determination, stabilization of unusual oxidation states.

Stereochemistry of coordination compounds. Ligand field theory, spliting of

d-orbitals in low symmetry environments. Jahn-Teller effect, interpretation of electronic spectra

including charge transfer spectra, spectrochemical series, nephelauxetic series. Dia-para-ferro

and antiferromagentism, quenching of orbital angular moments, spin orbit coupling. Inorganic

reaction mechanisms, substitution reactions, trans-effect and electron transfer reactions,

photochemical reactions of chromium and ruthenium complexes. Fluxional molecules. Iso and

heteropolyacids, metal clusters. Spin crossover in coordination compounds.

20.

compounds as shift reagents.

21.

organometallic reagents in organic synthesis and in homogeneous catalytic reactions

(hydrogenation, hydroformylationn, isomerisation and polymerisation), pi-metal complexes,

activation of small molecules by coordination.

22.

Solvent extraction and ion exchange methods. Application of atomic and molecular absorption

and emmision spectroscopy in quantitative analysis. Light scattering techniques including

nephelometry and Raman spectroscopy. Electroanalytical techniques, voltametry, cyclic

voltametry, polarography, amperometry, coulometry and conductometry. Ion-selective electrodes.

Anodic stripping voltametry, TGA, DTA, DSC and on-line analysers.

23.

Photosynthesis-PS-I, PS-II, nitrogen fixation, oxygen uptake proteins, cytochromes and

ferrodoxions.

24.

fullerenes. (C

25.

(including enzymatic and catalytic nexus), enantio-and diastereo selective synthesis. Effects of

conformation on reactivity in acylic compounds and cyclohexanes.

26.

addition, Mannich reaction, Sharpless asymmetric expoxidation, ene reaction, Barton reaction,

Hofmann Loffler-Freytag reaction, Shapiro reaction, Baeyer-Villiger reaction, Chichibabin

reaction.

27.

Chemistry of Transition Elements : Coordination chemistry of transition metalions. StabilityChemistry of Lanthanides and Acitindes : Spectral and magnetic properties, use of lanthanideOrganometallic Chemistry of Transition Elements : Synthesis, structure and bonding,Topics in Analytical Chemistry : Adsorption, partition, exclusion, electrochromatography.Bioiorganic Chemistry : Molecular mechanism of ion transport across membranes, ionophores.Aromaticity : Huckel’s rule and concept of aromaticity : annulenes and heteroannulenes,60)Stereochemistry and Conformational Analysis : Newer methods of assymetric synthesisSelective Organic Name Reactions : Favorskii reaction, Strok enamine reaction, MichaelMechanisms of Organic Reactions : Labelling and kinetic isotope effects, Hamett equation,

σ

–δ (sigma-rho) relationship, non-classical carbonium ions, neighbouring group participation.

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28.

and sigmatrophic shifts, Sommelet-Hauser, Cope and Claisen rearrangements.

29.

isoquinoline and indole. Skraup synthesis, Fischer indole synthesis.

30.

group transformations-Complex metal hydride. Gilman’s reagent, lithium, dimethylcuprate,

lithim, disopropylamide (LDA) dicyclohexylcarbodimide, 1, 3-dithiane (reactivity umpolung).

Trimethy, silyl iodide, tri-n-butyltin hydride, Woodward and Prevost hydroxylation, osmium

tetraoxide, DDQ, selenium dioxide, phase transfer catalysts, crown ethers and Merrifield resin.

Peterson’s synthesis, Wilkinson’s catalyst, Baker’s yeast.

31.

biosynthesis of alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, carbohydrates and proteins, Conformations

of proteins and nucleic acids.

32.

and nucleic acids, Genetic code, Mechanism of enzyme action.

33.

Norrish Type I and II reactions, photoreduction of ketones, di-pi-methane rearrangement,

photochemistry of arenes.

34.

structural elucidation of compounds.

SAMPLE QUESTIONS

Pericyclic Reactions : Selection rules and stereochemistry of electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditionHeterocycles : Synthesis and reactivity of furan, thiophene, pyrrole, pyridine, quinoline,Reagents in Organic Synthesis : Use of following reagents in organic synthesis and fuctinalChemistry of Natural Products : Familiarity with methods of structure elucidation andBioorganic Chemistry : Elementary structure and function of biopolymers such as proteinsPhotochemistry : Principles of energy transfer, cis-trans isomerization, Paterno-Buchi reaction,Spectroscopy : Combined applications of mass, UV-VIS, IR and NMR spectroscopy for

PAPER II

1. The total number of permitted electrons in a 4f orbital is

(A) 10, (B) 6,

(C) 14, (D) 2. Ans. C

2. Which one of the following is a molecular solid ?

(A) NaCl, (B) Phosphorus,

(C) Diamond, (D) Iron. Ans. B

3. Thr chiral molecules among the following are

( i ) 1, 1-Dimethylcyclopropane.

( ii) cis-1, 2-dimethylcyclopropane.

(iii) trans-1, 2-dimethylcyclopropane.

(A) All three, (B) (ii) and (iii), (C) only (ii), (D) only (iii). Ans. D

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PAPER III

1. The standard heat of hydrogenation of propane in the reaction

CH

The standard heat of combustion of propane in the reaction

C

Calculate the standard heat of combustion of propane.

Given : {H

2. Match the following Hammet

(a) m - Me ( i ) + 0.78

(b) p - Me ( ii) – 0.27

(c) p - NO

(d) p - COCH

(e) m - OMe (v) + 0.50

(f) p - OMe (vi) – 0.17

3. (a) Predict whether the following reactions will proceed via inner, sphere or

outer sphere mechanism. Give the products also.

( i ) [Fe (CN)

2 = CHCH3 (g) + H2(g) = C3 H8(g) is - 124 kJ/mol.3H8(g) + 5O2(g) = 3CO2(g) + 4H2O (1) is - 2220 kJ/mol.2(g) + 0.5O2(g) = H2O(l), AHo = -285.8kJ/mol}σ values :2 (iii) + 0.123 (iv) – 0.076]4 + [Ir Cl6]2– →

( ii) [Co (NH

3)5 NCS]2+ + [Cr (H2O)6]2+ →

(b) Name the factors that determine the magnitude of crystal field splitting.

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Maharashtra State Eligibility Test (SET) - SYLLABUS AND SAMPLE QUESTIONS - Physical Sciences

Maharashtra State Eligibility Test for Lectureship

UNIVERSITY OF PUNE

Ganeshkhind, Pune-411007

SYLLABUS AND SAMPLE QUESTIONS-(Physical Sciences)

Subject Subject

Code No.

32 Physical Sciences

SET (Physical Science) / 2

set booklets\ physical science_SET syllabus (03-09)

[32] : PHYSICAL SCIENCES

The syllabus consists of two papers, as follows :

Paper II and Paper III will be of 75 minutes and 2½ hours duration respectively. Paper II will be

of 100 marks and Paper III will be of 200 marks.

PAPER II

1.

theory. Calculus : vector algebra and vector calculus. Linear algebra, martices. Linear differential

equations. Fourier : series, Fourier transforms-Elementary complex analysis.

2.

Symmetries and conservation laws, Motion in the central field of force. Collision and scattering,

Mechanics of system of particles. Rigid body dynamics. Noninertial frames and pseudoforces. Small

oscillations and normal modes. Wave motion-wave equation, phase velocity, group velocity, dispersion.

Special theory of relativity-Lorentz transformations, addition of velocities, mass-energy equivalence,

energy-momentum four-vector.

3.

expansion, dielectrics. Magnetostatics - Ampere’s theorem, Biot-Savart Law, electromagnetic induction.

Maxwell’s equation in free space and in linear isotropic media. Boundary conditions on the field at

interfaces. Scalar and vector potentials, Gauge invariance. Electromagnetic waves-reflection and

refraction, dispersion, Rectangular wave guides. Interference, coherence, visibility of fringes.

Diffraction, Polarization, Electrodynamics motion of a charged particle in electric and magnetic fields.

Radiation from moving charges, radiation from a dipole.

4.

Schrodinger equation. Particle moving in a one-dimensional potential. Orbital angular

momentum. Motion in a central potential symmetry conservation laws and degeneracy. Operator

formalism of quantum mechanics. Angular momenta algebra, spin. Addition of angular momenta.

Time-independent perturbation theory. Time-dependent purturbation theory-adiabatic

approximation. Fermi’s Golden Rule. Elementary theory of scattering in a central potential.

Phase shifts, partial wave analysis. Born approximation. Schrodinger equation in a periodic

potential, Bloch’s theorem, Tunnelling through a potential barrier. Identical particles, spin

statitics connection.

5. Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics, laws of thremodynamics and their consequences.

Thermodynamic potentials and Maxwell’s relations. Chemical potential, phase equilibria. Phase

space, Microstates and macrostates. Ensembles. Partition funcdtion, Free energy and connection

with thermodynamic quantities. Classical and quantum statistics. Degenerate electron gas,

Blackbody radiation and Planck’s distribution law. Bose-Einstein condensation. Einestein and

Debye models for lattice specific heat paramagnetism due to lacalized moments. Elementary

ideas on phase transitions-Van der Walls fluid, Weiss molecular field theory of ferromagnetism.

6. Experimental Techniques, Measurement of fundamental physical constants, temperature, Pressure

Basic Mathematical Methods : Plotting of graph, curve fitting, data analysis, elementary probabilityClassical Dynamics : Basic principles of classical dynamics. Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalisms.Electromagnetics : Electrostatics-Leplace and Poission equations, boundary value problems, multipleQuantum Physics and Applications : Wave-particle duality. Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle.

SET (Physical Science) / 3

set booklets\ physical science_SET syllabus (03-09)

and humidity sensors, photon and particle detectors. Oscilloscopes, function generator, voltage and

current sources, power supply, Measurement of high and low resistance (voltage and current). AC

bridges for L and C Measurement of magnetic field.

Principles and conceptual basis of : (i) Optical sources, interferometry for wavelength measurements,

(ii) Production and measurement of low pressure (vacuum), (iii) Power and single crystal (Laue) Xray

diffraction techniques, (iv) Measurements of signals, signal to noise ratio.

PAPER III

Part A Weightage 50%

SYLLABUS SAME AS FOR PAPER II

Part B Weightage 50%

1. Electronics Semiconductor discrete devices (characteristic curves and physics of p-n junction).

Schottky, Tunnel and MOS diodes, Bipolar junction transistor, junction field effect, transistor

(JFET) Metal-oxide-Semiconductor. Field effect transistor (MOSFET), unijunction transistor

and sillicon controlled rectifier (SCR), Opto-electronic devices (Photo-diode, solar cell, LED,

LCD and photo transistor), Diffusion of impurities in sillicon, growth of oxide.

Applications of semiconductor devices in linear and digital circuits-Zener regulated power

supply, Transistor (bipolar, MOSFFT, JFET) as amplifier, coupling of amplifier stages (DC,

RC and Transformer coupling), RC-coupled amplifier, dc and power amplifier Feedback in

amplifiers and oscillators (phase swift, Hartley, Colpitts and crustal controlled) clipping and

clamping circuits. Transistor as a switch OR, AND and NOT gates (TIL and CMOS gates).

Multivibrators (using transistor) and sweep geneator (using transistors, UJT and SCR).

Linear integrated circuits-Operational amplifier and its applications-Inverting and noninverting

amplifier, adder, integrator, differentiator, waveform geneator, comparator and Schmittrigger,

Butterwoth active filter, phase shifter, Digital integrated circuits-NAND and NOR gates building

block, X-OR gate, simple combinational circuits-Half and full address, Flip-Flops, shift registers,

counters, A/D and D/A coverters, semiconductor memories (ROM, RAM, and EPROM, basic,

architecture of 8 bit microprocessor (INTEL 8085).

Communication Electronics-Basic principle of amplitude frequency and phase modulation.

Simple circuits for amplitude modulation and demodulation, digital (PCM) modulation and

demodulation. Fundamentals of optical communication, Microwave Oscillators (reflex, klystron,

megnetron and Gunn diode), Cavity resonaters. Standing wave detector.

2. Atomic and Molecular Physics : Atomic Physics-quantum states of an electron in an atom,

Hydrogen atom spectrum, electron spin, Stern-Gerlach experiment, spin-orbit coupling, fine

structure, spectroscopic terms and selection rules, hyperfine structure.

Exchange symmetry of wave functions, Pauli exclusion priciples, periodic table, alkali-type spectra,

LS and JJ coupling, Hund’s rules and term reversal.

SET (Physical Science) / 4

set booklets\ physical science_SET syllabus (03-09)

Machanisms of line broadening.

Zeeman, Paschen-Back and Stark effects.

Inner-shell vacancy, X-rays and Auger transitions, Compton effect.

Principles of resonance Spectroscopy (ESR and NMR)

Molecular Physics-Covalent, ionic and Van der Waal’s interaction, Born-Oppenheimer approximation.

Heitler-London and molecular orbital theories of H

Rotation, rotation-vibration spectra, Raman Spectra, selection rules, nuclear spin and intensity alteration,

isotope effects, electronics states of diatomic molecules, Franck-Condon principle.

Laser-spontaneous and stimulated emission, optical pumping, population inversion, coherence (temporal

and spatial), simple description of ammonia maser, CO

3. Condensed Matter Physics-Crystal classes and system, 2d and 3d lattices, bonding of common

crystal structure; reciprocal lattice, diffraction and structure factor, elementary ideas about

point defect and dislocations, short and long range order in liquids and solids, liquid crystals,

quasicrystals and glasses.

Lattice vibrations, phonons, specific heat of solids. Free electron theory. Fermi statistics, heat

capacity and Pauli paramagnetic susceptibility.

Electron motion in periodic potentials energy bands in metals, insulators and semiconductors,

tight binding approximation, impurity levels in doped semiconductors.

Dielectrics-Polarization mechanisms, Clausius-Mossotti equation, piezo, pyro and ferroelectricity.

Dia and Para magnetism, exchange interactions, magnetic order, ferro, anti ferro and

ferromagnetism.

Superconductivity-basic phenomenology, Meissner effect, Type I and Type II super conductors,

BCS pairing mechanisms, High Tc materials.

4. Nuclear and Particle Physics

Basic nuclear properties-size, shape, charge distribution; spin and parity, binding, empirical

mass formula, liquid drop model, nuclear stability and radioactive decay.

Nature of nuclear force, elements of deuteron problem and low energy N-N scattering Charge

Independence + charge symmetry of nuclear forces. Evidence for nuclear shell structure.

Single particle shell model-its validity and limitations.

Interactions of charged particles and X-rays with matter, Basic principles of particle detectorsionization

chamber, proportional counter and GM counters, solid state detectors-scintillation

and semiconductor detectors.

Radioactive decays- [

understanding.

2.2 and He-Ne lasers.α β γ ] decays, their classifications and characteristics. Basic theoretical

SET (Physical Science) / 5

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Nuclear reactions-Q values and kinematics of nuclear cross-sections, its energy and angular

dependence, elementary ideas of reaction mechanisms, elementary ideas of fission and fusion.

Particle Physics-Classificationof fundamental forces and elementary, particles, Isopin,

strangeness, Gell-Mann-Nishijima formula.

Quark model + SU (3) symmetry.

C.T.P invariances in different interactions, weak interactions, parity-non conservation, K-meson

complex and time reversal invariance, elementary ideas of geuge theory of strong and weak

interactions.

SAMPLE QUESTIONS

PAPER II

1. The value of the continued fraction

1

——————————————

1

1 + ———————————

1

1 + ——————————

1

1 + —————————

1

1 + ————————

1 + .................

is equal to

(A) 0, (B) 1,

(C) (

2. The period of satellite in a circular orbit of radius R is T. The period of another satellite in

a circular orbit of 4R radius is ]

(A) at, (B) T/4

(C) 8T (D) T/8 Answer [C]

√5 – 1)/2, (D) √5 /2, Answer [C]

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PAPER III

1. Show that if a particle decribes a circular orbit under the influence of an attractive central force

directed towards a point on the circle, then attractive force various as

2. A charged Harmonic oscillator is oscillating along

r–5.x axos. A uniform electric field

→

E = E

to nth energy level.

1

o i is applied along x axis. Using second order perturbation theory find the correctionn

Given : <

n + 1 | x | n > = —– —

α

1

<

2n + 1n | x | n + 1 > = —– ———

α

Where

————

2α = ( m w / h ) ½.

√

√

^

Maharashtra State Eligibility Test (SET) - SYLLABUS AND SAMPLE QUESTIONS - Environmental Sciences

Maharashtra State Eligibility Test for Lectureship

UNIVERSITY OF PUNE

Ganeshkhind, Pune-411007

SYLLABUS AND SAMPLE QUESTIONS-(Environmental Sciences)

Subject Subject

Code No.

31 Environmental Sciences

SET (Environmental Science) / 3

environmt science_SET syllabus (03-09)

[31] : ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

SYLLABUS AND SAMPLE QUESTIONS

NOTE : STRUCTURE OF PAPER II AND REVISED STRUCTURE OF PAPER III PLEASE

SEE PAGE NUMBER ONE.

PAPER-II and PAPER-III (Part-A & B)

Unit—I

Definition principles and scope of Enviornmental Science.

Earth Man and Environment, Ecosystems, Pathways in Ecosystems.

Physico-chemical and Biological factors in the Environment.

Geographical classification and zones.

Structure and composition of atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere and biosphere. Mass and

Energy transfer across the various interfaces, material balance. First and Second law of

thermodynamics, heat transfer processes. Scale of Meterology, pressure, temperature,

precipitation, humidity, radiation and wind.

Atmospheric stability, inversions and mixing heights, windroses.

Natural resources, conservation and sustainable development.

Unit—II

Fundamentals of Environmental Chemistry :

chemical equilibria, acid base reactions. solubility product. solubility of gases in water, the carbonate

system, unsaturated and saturated hydrocarbons radionuclides.

Stochiometry, Gibbs’ energy, Chemical potential,

Chemical composition of Air :

radicals in the atomosphere. Chemical processes for formation of inorganic and organic particulate

matter. Thermochemical and photochemical reactions in the atmospher. Oxygen and ozone chemistry.

Chemistry of air pollutants. Photochemical smog.

Classification of elements chemical speciation Particles irons and

Water Chemistry :

filtration Redox potential.

Chemistry of water concept of DO BOD COD. sedimentation coagulation

Soil Chemistry :

Inorganic and organic components of soil Nitrogen pathways and NPK in soils.

Toxic Chemicals in the environment-Air, Water :

Arsenic Cadmium Lead Mercury Carbon Monoxide O

carcinogens in the air.

Pesticides in water Biochemical aspects of3 and PAN Pesticides Insecticides MIC

Principles of Analytical Methods :

Chromatography Gas Chromatography Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. GLC HPLC

Electrophoresis. X-ray fluorescence X-ray diffraction Flame photometry.

Titrimetry Gravimetry Colourimetry Spectrophotometry

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Unit—III

Definition Principles and scope of ecology. Human ecology and Human settlement Evolution Origin

of life and speciation.

Ecosystems :

Food web Ecological pyramids types and diversity.

Ecological Succession Population Community ecology and Parasitism Prey predator relationships.

Structure and functions Abiotic and Biotic components energy flows Food chains

Common flora and fauna in India

Aquatic :

Phytoplankton zooplankton and Macrophytes

Terrestrial :

Forests

Endangered and Threatened Species

Biodiversity and its conservation :

conservation National Parks and Sanctuaries Gene pool.

Definition ‘Hotspots’ of Biodiversity Strategies for Biodiversity

Microflora of Atmosphere :

diseases and allergies

Air Sampling techniques Identification of aeroallergens Air-borne

Environmental Biotechnology :

technology.

Fermentation Technology Vermiculture technology Biofertilizer

Unit—IV

Environmental Geosciences

—Fundamental concepts

The earth systems and Biosphere :

hydrosphere atmosphere and biosphere Energy budget of the earth. Earth’s thermal environment and

seasons. Ecosystems flow of energy and matter. Coexistence in communities-food webs.. Earth’s

major ecosystems-terrestrial and aquatic. General relationship between landscape biomes and climate.

Climates of India. Indian Monsoon El Nino Droughts Tropical cyclones and Western Disturbances.

Conservation of matter in various geospheres-lithosphere

Earth’s Processess and Geological Hazards :

rates of natural cycles. Catastrophic geological hazards Study of floods landslides earthquakes

volcanism and avalanche. Prediction and perception of the hazards and adjustments to hazardous

activities.

Earth’s processes; concept to residence time and

Mineral Reasources and Environment :

Occeans as new areas for exploration of mineral resources. Ocean ore and recycling of resources.

Environmental impact of exploitation processing and smelting of minerals.

Resources and Reserves Minerals and Population.

Water Resources and Environment :

levels. Origin and composition of seawater. Hydrological cycle Factors influencing the surface water.

Types of water Resources of oceans Ocean pollution by toxic wastes. Human use of surface and

groundwater. Groundwater pollution.

Global Water Balance Ice sheets and fluctuations of sea

Landuse Planning :

selection and evalutation.

The landuse plan Soil surveys in relation to landuse planning Methods of site

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Environmental Geochemistry :

Mobility of trace elements. Geochemical cycles Biogeochemical factors in environmental health.

Human use trace elements and health. possible effects of imbalance of some trace elements. Diseases

induced by human use of land.

Principles of Remote sensing and its application of Environmental Sciences Application of GIS in

Environmental Managemnt.

Concept of major trace and REE Classification of trace elements.

Unit—V

Sun as source of energy : solar radiation and its spectral characteristics : Fossil fuels-classification.

composition physico-chemical characteristics and energy content of coal petroleum and natural gas.

Principles of generation of hydroelctric power, tidal, Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion wind

geothermal energy solar collectors photovoltaics solar ponds: nuclear energy-fission and fusion:

magnetrohudrodynamic power bio-energy-energy from biomass and biogas, anaerobic digestion:

energy use pattern in different parts of the world.

Environmental implication of energy use : CO

radioactive waste and radioactivity from nuclear reactors impacts of large-scale exploitation of Solar

wind Hydro and Ocean energy.

Unit—VI

2 emissions global warming: air and thermal pollution:

Air :

and diffustion of pollutants. Gas laws governing the behaviour of pollutants in the atmosphere Methods

of monitoring and control of air pollution SO

beings, plants, animals, materials and on climate. Acid Rain Air Quality Standards.

Natural and anthropogenic sources of pollution. primary and Secondary pollutants. Transport2, NOx, CO, SPM Effects of pollutants on human

Water :

sampling and analysis of water quality. Standards, sewage and waste water treatment and recyling.

Water quality standard.

Types, sources and consequences of water pollution. Physico-chemical and Bacteriological

Soil :

Industrial waste effluents and heavy metals their interactions with soil components. Soil microorganisms

and their functions degradation of different insecticides fungicides and weedicides in soil

Different kinds of synthetic fertilizers (NP & K) and their interactions with different components of

soil.

Physico-chemical as bacteriological sampling as analysis of soil quality soil Pollution Control.

Noise :

on noise propagation. Noise expooure levels and standards. Noise control and abatement measures.

Impact of noise on human health.

Sources of noise pollution measurement of noise and Indices effect of meterological parameters

Marine :

marine system-coastal management.

Radioactive and Thermal Pollution.

Sources of marine pollution and control Criteria employed for disposal of pollutants in

Unit—VII

Introduction to environmental impact analysis.

Environmental impact Statement and Environmental Management Plan.

SET (Environmental Science) / 6

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EIA guidelines 1994, Notification of Government of India.

Impact Assessment Methodologies.

Generalized approach to impact analysis.

Procedure for reviewing Environmental impact analysis and statement.

Guidelines for Environmental audit.

Introduction to Environmental planning.

Base line information and predictions (land, water, atmosphere, energy, etc.)

Restoration and rehabilitation technologies.

Landuse policy for India.

Urban planning for India.

Rural planning and landuse pattern.

Concept and strategies of sustainable development.

Cost-Benefit analysis.

Environmental priorities in India and sustainable development.

Unit—VIII

Sources and generation of solid wastes, their characterization, chemical composition and classification.

Different methods of disposal and management of solid wastes (Hospial Wastes and Hazardous

Wastes) Recycling of waste material. Waste minimization technologies.

Hazardous Wastes Management and Handling Rules, 1989. Resource Management. Disaster

Management and Risk analysis.

Environment protection-issues and problems. International and National efforts for Environment

Protection. Provision of Constitution of India regarding Environment (Article 48A and 58A).

Environmental Policy Resolution. Legislation, public Policy Strategies in Pollution Control. Wildlife

Protection Act, 1972 amended 1991. Forest Conservation Act, 1980. Indian Forests Act (Revised)

1982. Air (Provention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 as amended by Amendment Act, 1987

and Rule 1982. Motor Vechile Act, 1988. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act,

1974 as amended up to 1988 and Rules 1975. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and Rules

1986.

Scheme of labelling of environmentally friendly products (Ecomark), Public Liability Insuramce Act,

1991 and Rules 1991.

Unit—IX

Basic elements and tools of statistical analysis; Probability, sampling measurement and distribution of

attributes; Distribution-Normal.

means; moments; matrices, simultaneous linear equations; tests of hypothesis and significance.

t and c2. Poisson and Binomtal; Arithmetic. Geometric and Harmonic

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Introduction to environmental system analysis; Approaches to development of models; linear simple

and multiple regression models, validation and forecasting, Models of population growth and

interactions-Lotka-Volterra model. Leslie’s matrix model, point source stream pollution model, box

model, Gaussian plume model.

Unit—X

Environmental Education and Awareness.

Environmental Ethics and Global imperatives.

Global Environmental problems-ozone depletion, global warming and climatic change.

Current Environmental issue in India.

Context : Narmada Dam. Tehri Dam, Almetti Dam, Soil Erosion, Formation and reclamation of Usar,

Alkaline and Saline Soil.

Waste lands and their reclamation.

Desertification and its control.

Vehicular pollution and urban air quality.

Depletion of Nature resources.

Biodiversity conservation and Agenda-21.

Waste disposal, recycling and power generation. Fly ash utilization.

Water Crises-Conservation of water.

Environmental Hazards.

Eutrophication and restoration of Indian lakes.

Rain water harvesting.

Wet lands conservation.

Epidemiological issues (e.g. Goitre, Fluorosis, Arsenic).

SAMPLE QUESTIONS

PAPER-II

1. What is the most abundant anion in river water ?

(A) Cl

–

(B) SO2

2–

4

(C) CO

2–

3

(D) HCO

–

3

2. Which one of the following places is likely to be affected by Chemical Weathering ?

(A) Thar Desert

(B) Tibetan Plateau

(C) Western Ghats

(D) Siwalik

SET (Environmental Science) / 8

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3. Night blindness in children is due to deficiency of

(A) Vitamin A

(B) Vitamin C

(C) Vitamin B complex

(D) Protein

————